Current status of paper trays
time：2018-10-18 10:25:37 click-through rate：
In September 2002, the Tray Professional Committee of China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing investigated more than 300 production, transportation, warehousing and circulation enterprises in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Guangzhou. Starting from the current situation, existing problems and how to solve them, the paper made a detailed understanding of the tray usage in China. Analysis shows that this work is conducive to strengthening the coordination and guidance of pallet industry, and also provides valuable information and suggestions for logistics management departments and related enterprises.
(1) Material of existing pallets
A preliminary survey by the Tray Professional Committee of the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing shows that China now has about 50 million to 70 million trays of various types, with annual output increasing by about 20 million. Among them, about 90% are wooden pallets, 8% are plastic pallets, 8% are steel pallets and double pallets.
Composite pallets and paper pallets together account for 2%. Composite material flat pallets and plastic pallets increased in a larger proportion.
(2) Standards and main specifications of domestic paper pallets
At present, the specifications of pallets in China are quite confusing. In addition to the use of 800 mm x 1 000 mm and 500 mm to 800 mm pallets as specified in JB3003-81 in machinery industry system, in 1996, the Scientific Research Institute of the Ministry of Communications of China proposed that ISO6780:1988 "Main Dimensions and Tolerances of General Flat Pallets for Intermodal Transport" be equivalent to the national standard of Chinese pallets. Later, the former State Technical Supervision Bureau approved and issued the equivalent standard with the serial number of GB/T 2934-1996, including 4 pallet specifications of 1 200 mm *l 000mm, 1 200 mm *800mm, 1 140 mm *l 140 mm and 1 219 mm *l 016mm.
In addition, China also has GB/T3716-2000 tray terminology, GB/T 16470-1996 tray packaging, GB/T 15234-1994 plastic flat tray, GB/T 4995-1996 general flat tray performance requirements, GB/T4996-1996 general flat tray test methods and other national standards. Not only that, Japanese and Korean enterprises in China also use a large number of pallets with the specifications of L 100 mm x 1 100 mm.
All of these indicate that there are too many standards for pallets in China, and it is difficult to effectively solve the problem of unification of pallet specifications in China if we do not do much to rectify them. According to the investigation of the Tray Professional Committee, the current tray specifications in circulation are relatively disorderly. Including: 2000mm * 1000m pallet
M, 1 500 mm x 1 100 mm, 1 500 mm x 1 000 mm, 1 400 mm x 1 200 mm, 1 300 mm x 1 000 mm, 1 200 mm x 1 000 mm, 1 200 mm x 800 mm, 1 200 mm x 1 100 mm, 1 100 mm x 1 100 mm, 1 100 mm x 1 100 mm, 1 100 mm x 900 mm, 1 000 mm x 1 000 mm, 1 000 mm x 800 mm, 1 200 mm x 1 200 mm x 1 200 mm, 1 300 mm x 1 600 mm, 1 300 mm x 1 100 mm M and dozens of other specifications. Among them, the specifications of plastic pallets are relatively concentrated, mainly 1 100 mm *1 100 mm and 1 200 mm *1 000 mm, accounting for about 50% of the plastic pallets. This is due to the use of injection moulds in the production of plastic pallets, while the development cost of moulds is relatively high. The specifications of wooden pallets are confused. The current specifications are mainly customized by the user according to the specifications of their products, which is related to the relatively simple manufacturing process of wooden pallets. The specifications of steel pallets are not very many. They are concentrated in two or three specifications. They are mainly used in ports, wharfs and other units requiring high load carrying capacity of pallets. In addition, in the survey, the Tray Professional Committee also found that most of the trays used by enterprises are planar four-way fork double-sided trays, accounting for about 60% of the total number of trays used. Others include two-sided trays for plane bi-directional forks, flat trays for one side, box trays and column trays. The number of special pallets is relatively small. Box pallets are now mostly used for material handling in the production process of enterprises, basically not into circulation.
(3) Turnover mode
According to the statistics of Pallet Professional committee, the internal turnover of Chinese pallets is basically in use at this stage. For manufacturing enterprises, the pallets they own can not be used by enterprises, and the use of pallets is limited to the handling between warehouses and transportation links of enterprises. For logistics enterprises, pallets are also limited to the internal allocation and use of enterprises, and there is not yet a smooth circulation mechanism of pallets.
(4) Tray operation
The development of pallets can be said to be synchronized with forklift trucks. The joint use of forklift truck and pallet forms an effective loading and unloading system, which greatly improves the loading and unloading efficiency. According to statistics, the pallets are basically used with forklift trucks. On average, each forklift truck is equipped with 800 to 1000 pallets.
(1) Material of existing pallets
A preliminary survey by the Tray Professional Committee of the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing shows that China now has about 50 million to 70 million trays of various types, with annual output increasing by about 20 million. Among them, about 90% are wooden pallets, 8% are plastic pallets, 8% are steel pallets and double pallets.
Composite pallets and paper pallets together account for 2%. Composite material flat pallets and plastic pallets increased in a larger proportion.
(2) Standards and main specifications of domestic paper pallets
At present, the specifications of pallets in China are quite confusing. In addition to the use of 800 mm x 1 000 mm and 500 mm to 800 mm pallets as specified in JB3003-81 in machinery industry system, in 1996, the Scientific Research Institute of the Ministry of Communications of China proposed that ISO6780:1988 "Main Dimensions and Tolerances of General Flat Pallets for Intermodal Transport" be equivalent to the national standard of Chinese pallets. Later, the former State Technical Supervision Bureau approved and issued the equivalent standard with the serial number of GB/T 2934-1996, including 4 pallet specifications of 1 200 mm *l 000mm, 1 200 mm *800mm, 1 140 mm *l 140 mm and 1 219 mm *l 016mm.
In addition, China also has GB/T3716-2000 tray terminology, GB/T 16470-1996 tray packaging, GB/T 15234-1994 plastic flat tray, GB/T 4995-1996 general flat tray performance requirements, GB/T4996-1996 general flat tray test methods and other national standards. Not only that, Japanese and Korean enterprises in China also use a large number of pallets with the specifications of L 100 mm x 1 100 mm.
All of these indicate that there are too many standards for pallets in China, and it is difficult to effectively solve the problem of unification of pallet specifications in China if we do not do much to rectify them. According to the investigation of the Tray Professional Committee, the current tray specifications in circulation are relatively disorderly. Including: 2000mm * 1000m pallet
M, 1 500 mm x 1 100 mm, 1 500 mm x 1 000 mm, 1 400 mm x 1 200 mm, 1 300 mm x 1 000 mm, 1 200 mm x 1 000 mm, 1 200 mm x 800 mm, 1 200 mm x 1 100 mm, 1 100 mm x 1 100 mm, 1 100 mm x 1 100 mm, 1 100 mm x 900 mm, 1 000 mm x 1 000 mm, 1 000 mm x 800 mm, 1 200 mm x 1 200 mm x 1 200 mm, 1 300 mm x 1 600 mm, 1 300 mm x 1 100 mm M and dozens of other specifications. Among them, the specifications of plastic pallets are relatively concentrated, mainly 1 100 mm *1 100 mm and 1 200 mm *1 000 mm, accounting for about 50% of the plastic pallets. This is due to the use of injection moulds in the production of plastic pallets, while the development cost of moulds is relatively high. The specifications of wooden pallets are confused. The current specifications are mainly customized by the user according to the specifications of their products, which is related to the relatively simple manufacturing process of wooden pallets. The specifications of steel pallets are not very many. They are concentrated in two or three specifications. They are mainly used in ports, wharfs and other units requiring high load carrying capacity of pallets. In addition, in the survey, the Tray Professional Committee also found that most of the trays used by enterprises are planar four-way fork double-sided trays, accounting for about 60% of the total number of trays used. Others include two-sided trays for plane bi-directional forks, flat trays for one side, box trays and column trays. The number of special pallets is relatively small. Box pallets are now mostly used for material handling in the production process of enterprises, basically not into circulation.
(3) Turnover mode
According to the statistics of Pallet Professional committee, the internal turnover of Chinese pallets is basically in use at this stage. For manufacturing enterprises, the pallets they own can not be used by enterprises, and the use of pallets is limited to the handling between warehouses and transportation links of enterprises. For logistics enterprises, pallets are also limited to the internal allocation and use of enterprises, and there is not yet a smooth circulation mechanism of pallets.
(4) Tray operation
The development of pallets can be said to be synchronized with forklift trucks. The joint use of forklift truck and pallet forms an effective loading and unloading system, which greatly improves the loading and unloading efficiency. According to statistics, the pallets are basically used with forklift trucks. On average, each forklift truck is equipped with 800 to 1000 pallets.
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